虚拟语气用法总结-1.ppt

虚 拟 语 气 概念：谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这种形式称为语气。语气分三种： 1.陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。 He is late for class. What fun! He is not interested in classical music. 2.祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等（动词常用原形） Don’t be late！ 3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中 虚拟条件从句(If) 主 句 与现在事实相反的假设 与过去事实相反的假设 与将来事实相反的假设 主语+did/were 主语+should / would/ could / might + do 主语+ had done 主语+ should / would/ could / might + have done 主语+ 1.did 2.should do 3.were to do 主语+should / would/ could / might + do If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam. 1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议。 3.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。 2.如果你以前好好学习， 你会通过考试的。 If I were you, I would accept his advice. If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. You didnt let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired. drove; didnt get drove; wouldnt get were driving; wouldnt get had driven; wouldnt have got 注意： 1.错综时间虚拟语气 当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 If you ____________(follow)my advice just now, you _________(be)better now. If you __________(study)hard before, you _______(be)a college student now. had followed would be had studied would be If you ______ with George earlier, you _____ so angry now. talked; would not be had talked; would not be would talk; would not be had talked; would not have been If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _____ so seriously now. is not polluted would not be polluted had not been polluted would not have been polluted 2. if从句中，were，had（完成时态标志），should可以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），if必须省略。否定词not不能放在前面。 1.Had I not seen him then(Hadn’t I seen him then), I wouldnt have been very happy. 2.If I were you, I would accept his advice. 3.If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. 4.If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam. Had you studied hard before,…… Were I you,…… Should it rained tomorrow/ Were it to rain tomorrow, ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yan