人教版高一英语必修二unit3Grammar.pptVIP

* * 人教课标 高一 必修 2 Unit 3 The Present Perfect Passive Voice 现在完成时的被动语态 1) 现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词) 现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。现在完成时不能与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用, 如: yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, when I got there等, 现在完成时常与 1. 两种时态 already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明确的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since, for的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days等。 现在完成时的被动语态 　 现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响, 其构成是: have/has been + done。 e.g. 1. The dirty clothes have been washed. 脏衣服都已经洗了。 2. The plan has been studied by the experts for three times. 这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。 3. The child has been taken care of by Grandma Wang all these years. 这些年来, 这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。 1. 副词的位置 often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。 如: [误] Such a man has been hardly believed. [正] Such a man has hardly been believed. 2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如： [误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. [正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如： [误] The door has been opened of itself. [正] The door has opened of itself. 3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词 或副词。如： The SARS patients have been taken good care of. 4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等 构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与 表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达 相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。 如： My brother has had (不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought? Underline the use of the present perfect voice in the following poem. Then fill in the chart below. Look at the way your face has been washed Look at the way your hair has been combed Look at the way your shoes have been cleaned You’d better do them again. Look at the way the flowers hav