保护地蔬菜枯萎病生防菌的筛选.pdfVIP

青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版) 24(4)：271～273，2007 Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science) 文章编号：1674—148X(2007)04—0271—03 保护地蔬菜枯萎病生防菌的筛选 梁 晨，李宝笃，路炳声，王 旭 (青岛农业大学植物保护学院，Jh东青岛266109) 摘要：从蔬菜保护地采集上壤样本7份，分离纯化获得11个木霉菌株和1个黑曲霉菌株，通过对峙培养筛选番茄、 黄瓜及辣椒等3种蔬菜枯萎病的生防真菌，并测定枯草芽孢菌株XMI6对3种枯萎病菌的拮抗作用。试验结果表 明：枯草芽孢杆菌对番茄、黄瓜及辣椒枯萎病的抑制率均在69％以上；此外，木霉T1和T4菌株对番茄、黄瓜及辣 椒枯萎病的抑制率为50％左右；木霉T2和T3对番茄和辣椒枯萎病的抑制率为50％以上；木霉T5和T6对黄瓜和 辣椒枯萎病的抑制率为45％一65％。 关键词：枯萎病；拮抗作用；生防真菌；对峙培养 中图分类号：$436 文献标识码：A Screening of Biocontrol Strains against Greenhouse Vegetable Fusarium Wilt Diseases LIANG Chen，LI Bao—du，LU Bing—sheng，WANG Xu (College of Plant Protection，QAU，Qingdao 266109，China) Abstract：Eleven strains of Trichoderma spp．and one isolate of Aspergillus niger were isolated from seven soil samples of vegetable greenhouses．In dual culture test，these isolates were evaluated as antagonists against Fusarium wilt pathogens of tomato，cucumber and pepper，also one isolate of Bacillus subtilis XM16 was tested on the same Fusarium wilt pathogens，and its inhibitory effects were above 69％．In addition，the inhibitory effects of T1 and T4 on Fusarium wilt pathogens of tomato，cucumber and pepper were about 50％，the inhibitmy effects of T2 and F3 on Fusarium wilt pathogens of tomato and pepper were over 50％ ，the inhibitmy effects of T5 and T6 on Fusarium wilt pathogens of cucumber and pepper were 45％ ～65％． Key words：Fusarium wilt diseases；antagonism；biocontrol fungi；dual culture test 20 t}￡纪80年代以来，随着保护地蔬菜生产的 材料与方法 迅速发展，土传病害日趋严重，同时化学杀菌剂的长 期施用，使得病原菌产牛了抗药性并加重了环境污 1．1 病原菌 染，制约了无公害蔬荣的产业化进程。针对保护地 黄瓜枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporium f．sp． 蔬菜根部痫害特别足镰刀菌对生产造成的严重危 cucumerinum)、番茄枯萎病菌