被动语态_PPT.ppt

语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态动词(谓语形式)的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态动词(谓语形式)的主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态。  把下列主动句改为被动句 ①Lily writes many letters every day. (主动) ②They visited this farm last year.（主动） ③We have learned 3000 English words so far.（主动） ? Tom broke the window.?? ?? The window was broken by Tom. 被动语态的句型 肯定句：主语+be+过去分词+(by...)否定句：主语+be?not+过去分词+(by...)一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+(by...)?特殊问句：疑问词+be+过去分词+(by...)?这里be决定了被动语态的时态，be后面的过去分词没有变化。 学习被动语态要注意以下难点 1、被动语态介词固定搭配不能省略。 2、不及物动词没有被动语态。 3、带双宾语的动词变被动语态有两种方法。 4、连系动词+adj,用主动式表被动义。 5、表示主语的属性特征的动词+副词well/ badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义。 在被动语态中要注意的问题 　　在上面我们已经初步了解了被动语态的构成和主动变被动的方法。下面 我们接着学习在被动语态中要注意的问题。 　　①一些使役动词(let, have, make等)或感观动词(see, hear, watch, notice等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式不带to，但改为被动语态时，要 补上to。如： The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day. The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss. I saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the house by me. The teacher let them leave the classroom after class. They were let to leave the classroom by the teacher after class. We hear her sing in the room every day. She is heard to sing in the room every day. [注意]当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth时，变为被动语态时，doing保持不变。如： 　　 I saw him going into the shop.(主动) He was seen going into the shop.(被动) 使役动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表 把下列句子改为被动语态 1. We plant many trees every year. Many trees are planted by us every year. 2. His mother made him wash his own clothes at the age of 10. He was made to wash his own clothes by his mother at the age of 10. 1.被动语态介词固定搭配不能省略。 He has thought of a way of solving the problem. 3.带双宾语的动词主要有以下几个： give, buy, sell, take, bring, make, hand, pass, keep, send,teach,tell.show,make,sing,write,ask,sing,pay,borrow,lend等带双宾语 的动词，改为被动语态，当用直