语句子结构_ppt.pptVIP

一、句子成分 （一）句子成分的定义： 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； 主要成分有主语和谓语； 次要成分有宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语和插入语。 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. 2) 谓语（predicate） 说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。谓语必须用动词。谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。常置于主语后。 1、由实义动词动词构成 He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. 2、由情态动词构成 You may keep the book for two weeks. 3、由助动词加动词原形,现在分词,过去分词构成 Do you speak English？ They are working in a field. He has caught a bad cold. 4、由系动词加表语构成。 We are students. 表示vt.的动作对象或prep.所联系的对象， 也就是位于vt.或者prep.后面的名词性对象。 4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. 5.He pretended not to see me. 6.I enjoy listening to popular music. 7.I think（that）he is fit for his office. 5) 表语（predicative） 用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份。它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。 1）be系动词 He is a teacher. 2）持续系动词keep, remain, stay He always kept silent at meeting.? 3）表像系动词seem, appear, look,  He seems (to be) very sad.?? ? 4）感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, This kind of cloth feels very soft. 5）变化系动词become, grow, turn, get, go, come, runThe river was beginning to run dry. ? 6）终止系动词prove, turn out The rumor proved false. His plan turned out a success.?? 定语可由以下等成分表示： 1.Guilin is a beautiful city. 2.China is a developing country; America is a developed country. 3.There are thirty women teachers in our school. 4.His rapid progress in English made us surprised. 5.The boy in white is my desk mate. 6.He is reading an article about how to learn English. 8.She is the girl who sings best in my class. 8)同位语（Appositive）重复指代，并