非谓语ppt.ppt

非谓语动词The Nonfinite Verbs 本课教学大纲 一：非谓语概述 二：三种形式 三：考点 四：真题解析和练习 非谓语动词 概念：在句子中充当除了谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式； 分类：不定式、动名词、分词（现在分词和过去分词） 非谓语动词一般有一般式、完成式、主动语态和被动语态的变化。 不定式 不定式的一般式 表示动作通常与主要谓语动词所表示的动作或者状态几乎同时发生或之后发生； We rejoiced to see her back. The invited us to go there this summer. She wanted to cook some vegetables quickly for lunch. 不定式的进行式 如果在主要谓语动词表示的动作发生时，不定式的动作也正在进行，这时不定式就要用进行式。 They seem to be talking about something secret. They pretended to be working very hard. We didn’t expect you to be sleeping here. 不定式的被动式 （1）如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作承受者，不定式要用被动式to be done These clothes are to be washed as soon as possible. It takes 80 years for Mediterranean water to be changed with Atlantic water. The new play to be put on tonight will be very interesting. 不定式的完成式 不定式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生 It is not like her to have missed two days of classes. You are said to have got some tickets for the concert. She seem to have read the book before. 不定式的完成进行式 如果不定式表示的不是正在进行的动作，而是在谓语所表示时间之前一直进行的动作，就要用完成进行时。 They are said to have been collecting folk songs in Yunnan. They suspected us to have been quarrelling. We are happy to have been working with you.(对比：we are happy to work with you.) 不定式的被动式 (2)有些结构中不定式虽然表示被动意思，但用的却是主动形式，这是因为在句子能够找到不定式这个动作的发出者 Give her some books to read. (her与read构成逻辑上的主谓关系） （3）有些动词主动形式可以表示被动含义 He is to blame for not driving carefully. 不定式的否定式 不定式的否定式是在to后面加not，有时用never He is disappointed not to go swimming this afternoon. I advised people not to have hamburgers. 不定式的基本用法 1.做主语,谓语用单数 To smoke is a bad habit. 现代英语中倾向于用it做形式主语，把真正的主语后置 It is important to know the meaning of gestures and movements in the foreigh countries. 加for引出动作的发出者 It is good manners for an Arab to stand close to is friend when they are talking. 注意！！ 如果表语形容词是说明逻辑主语的性格特征，应用介词of取代for，常用的形容词有wise，clever, nice, silly, rude, cruel, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, nature（天性）等。 It is natural of a dog to bite a man It is natural for people to help each other. 2.不定式做表语 Disney