化肥“控失”对作物氮素农学利用率的影响.pdfVIP

安徽农学通报，Anhui A ．Sci．Bul1．2007，13(24) 化肥“控失对作物氮素农学利用率的影响 余立祥 卞 坡 吴跃进 余增亮 刘新海 蔡冬清 周莎莎 乔 菊 吴 林 (中国科学院等离子体物理研究所，安徽合肥 230031) 摘 要：我国氮肥用量大，氮肥农学利用率低，大量的氮肥流失直接和间接地威胁着生态环境。新型“控失”化肥兼 顾了农业生产和环境保护的需要，具有节本增效，减量减排的作用。在参与2007年“控失”化肥大田联合试验示范的 12个示范区中选取6个区，研究“控失肥”的氮肥农学利用率。结果表明：与习惯性施肥相比，“控失复合肥”氮肥农 学利用率提高29．46—217％；与普通尿素相比，“控失尿素”氮肥农学利用率提高6．13—43．81％，“控失肥”明显提高 了氮肥农学利用率，具有在农业生产中推广的前景。 关键词：控失肥；习惯性施肥；氮肥农学利用率 中图分类号 S147．3；S145．9 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1007—7731(2007 J24—25—02 Influence of“Lose—control’’of Fertilizer on Nitrogen Agronomic Utilized Coeffciency of Crop Yu Lixiang Bian po Wu Yuejin et a1． (Institute of Plasma Physics，Chinese Academy of Science，Anhui Hefei 23003 1) Abstract：Chinese nitrogen fertilizer has the large amount of usage and low rate of agronomic utilization rate，SO the large a- mount of nitrogen fertilizer loss threaten the entironment．A novel fertilizer，the lose—control fertilizer，gives attention to the agricultural production and environment protection，having the role of cutting cost，synergism，decrement and discharge re- duction．Six areas were chosen from the twelve demonstration areas of making the field combination text and demonstration in 2007 to studv the nitrogen fertilizer~agricultural utilization rate of lose—control fertilizer．The result shows：the lose—con． trol fertilizers nitrogen fertilizer，s agriculture utilization rate increases29．46—217％ compared with habitual fertilization． Compared with the common urea．1ose—control urea，s nitrogen agriculture utilization rate increases 6．13—43．81％．The lose—control fertilizer improves the nitrogen agricultural utilization rate and has the prospect of extension in the agricultural production· ． Key words：Lose— Control Fertilizer；Habitual Fertilization；Nitrogen Fertilizerb Agrlcultural Utilization Rate 据世界粮农组织统计…，目前我国氮肥用量占全球氮