护士执行抗肿瘤化疗药物的防护现状及防护措施 - New Century.PDF

j /index.php/gjne Global Journal of Nursing Education，2017,Vol.3,No.1 Current status and protective measures of nurses in the implementation of antineoplastic drugs Jie Fan, Ming-yue Li 323rd Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, xi an, Shanxi, China Received: Nov 11, 2016 Accepted: Nov 23, 2016 Published: May 10, 2017 DOI: 10.14725/gjne.v3n1a1670 URL: /10.14725/gjne.v3n1a1670 This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract To reduce the occupational hazard of chemotherapy in different kinds of cancer patients to clinical nurses. Through a lot of researches chemotherapy drug protection in recent years, the harmfulness of chemotherapy drugs on nurses are analyzed based on the current domestic protection status of chemotherapy drugs. The correct chemotherapy protective measures are put forward. Conclusion: The nurses must master the risk factors, protection status and protective measures of the occupational hazards of chemotherapy drugs, so as to enhance their protective skills and improve their self-protection ability. Key words Nurse; Chemotherapy drugs; Protection present situation; Protective measures 护士执行抗肿瘤化疗药物的防护现状及防护措施 范 洁，李明月 解放军第 323 医院，陕西西安，中国 通讯作者：范洁, Email: 904521247@ 【摘要】为了降低各类肿瘤患者化疗对临床护士的职业危害。通过大量检索近几年有关于化疗药物防护的文献，分析了化 疗药物对护士的危害性，针对目前国内对化疗药物的防护现状，提出如何正确使用化疗防护措施。总结护士必须掌握化疗药 物职业危害的危险因素、防护现状及防护措施，从而增强防护技能，提高自我保护能力。 【关键词】护士；化疗药物；防护现状；防护措施 近几十年来癌症发病率呈直线上升趋势。据研究显示，中国肿瘤发病率为 285.91 ∕10 万，城市和农村 发病率为 303.91 ∕10 万[1]。中国每年肿瘤的发病率为 160 万人，死亡人数为 130 万，现有患者 200 万人[2] 而且呈逐年上升趋势。其病理表现、治疗方法都较为复杂。化疗作为癌症治疗的 3 大手段之一，也是治疗 恶性肿瘤的主要方法，随着这几年化疗药物增多，不同类型化疗药物进入临床，医护人员职业暴露也随之 增多，临床护士在日常工作中对病人进行药物治疗，会通过皮肤、呼吸道、消化道等接触到各种类型的化 疗药物。关爱武调查[3]显示经常接触化疗药物的医务人员会出现不同程度的细胞染色体异常现象，如脱发、 [4] 月经不