种养结合生产区农田氦素平衡分析——以山东省禹城为例.pdfVIP

农业环境科学学报 2008，27(4)：1312—1319 Journal of Agro—Environment Science 种养结合生产区农田氮素平衡分析 — — 以山东省禹城为例 武兰芳，欧阳竹 (中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101) 摘 要：根据种养结构变化，对禹城农田系统氮素总体平衡状况进行了计算分析。结果表明，该区域农田系统的氮素输入、氮素输出 和氮素盈余均呈逐年增加趋势，按耕地平均，氮素输入由209．0 kg·hm。增加到756．1 kg·hm ，氮素输出由75．2 kg· hm-2增加到300．7 kg·hm ，因为输入增加幅度高于输出增加幅度，导致氮素盈余由133．8 kg·hm 增加到455．4 kg·hm-2；从空间差异 来看，禹城的11个乡镇中，只有1个乡表现为氮素亏缺，其余均不同程度地呈现出氮素盈余，其中有7个乡镇的耕地氮素盈余量在 400kg·hm-2以上，有3个乡镇的耕地氮素盈余量超过了600 kg·hm 。如此高的氮素盈余，主要是源于大量化肥氮和粪便氮输入农 田。所以，为了减少农田氮素盈余损失，禹城应在其区域范围内尽可能地减少化肥氮的投入，并对粪便氮进行合理管理和调配施用。 关键词：氮素平衡；农田系统；区域尺度；种养结合；山东禹城 中图分类号：X502 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672—2043(2008)04—1312—08 Nitrogen Budget of Farmland in Crop—animal Mixed Farming System Area：A Case Study of Yucheng County in Shandong Province WU Lan-fang．OUYANG Zhu (InstituteofGeographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research，Chinese AcademyofSciences，Beijing 100101，China) Abstract．The nitrogen budget offarmland in crop—animal mixed farming area was analyzed according to the changes ofcropping system and livestock，Yucheng County，Shandong Province was taken as a case study．The result showed that nitrogen input，export and surplus of the farmland at regional scale of Yucheng County were increased from 1980 to 2005．On average，the input of nitrogen in arable land were in— creased from 209．0 kg·hm to756．1 kg·hm-2,meanwhile．the export of nitrogen were increased from 75．2 kg·hm to 300．7 kg·hm-2．Howev- er，the average surplus of nitrogen were increased from133．8 kg·hm to 455．4 kg·hm ，as a result of nitrogen input much higher than nitro— gen export．On spatial diversity，it was only 1 of 1 1 townships in Yucheng County that behaved nitrogen deficit；the others were exhibited ni— trogen surplus differently．There were 7 townships in their arable land the nitrogen surplus were more than 400 kg·hm on average．Moreover, the highest surplus of nitrogen of farmland were recorded in 3 townships in West Yucheng County，the average surplus of ni~ogen were much higher than 6