不同种植密度和施肥水平对薏苡产量及构成因素的影响.pdfVIP

中国虐学逯提 第24卷 第6期 2008年 6月 http：Hwww．casb．org．cn ·217· 不同种植密度和施肥水平对薏苡产量及构成 因素的影响 林炎照 (福建省龙岩市新罗区种子站，福建龙岩364000) 摘 要：采用二因素正交试验方法探讨了不同种植密度和施肥水平对薏苡产量及构成因素的影响。结果表 明．提高薏苡产量的种植密度和施肥水平最优组合为行株距90cm~70cm和纯氮25 、纯磷25 、纯钾 25kg；种植密度对产量的影响最大，适当稀植有利于薏苡每株粒数和百粒重的提高；增加施肥量可显著提 高每株粒数、百粒重、有效株数。从而提高产量；当施肥量增加到纯氮30kg、纯磷30kg、纯钾30 时，会降 低产量。每株粒数、百粒重与产量呈极显著正相关，有效株数与产量、每株粒数、百粒重呈极显著负相关；对 产量影响最大的因素是每株粒数，其次是百粒重。因此，育种上要首选每株粒数和百粒重高的株系，在栽培 上采取措施提高每株粒数和百粒重的基础上要协调好株数与粒数的矛盾，才能使薏苡获得高产。 关键词：薏苡；种植密度；施肥水平；产量构成；正交设计 中图分类号：$501，$567．21 文献标识码：A Effects of Different Planting Densities and Fertilizer Supplies on Yield and its Components in Coix(Co／x Lachryrma-jobi L．) Lin Yanzhao (Xinluo seed Stolon,Longyuan City，Fujian Province 364000) Abstract：Effects of different planting densities and fertilizer supplies on yield and its components in coix (Coix Lachryrma-jobi L．)were studied．using two-factor orthogonal design．The results showed tllat the opti- mum combinations comprised 90cmx70cm row-spacing，25kg／667m2 nitrogen (N)，25kg／667m phosphor(P)， 25kg／667m potassium (K)，with respects to increasing yield of coix．Planting density exerted great effects on the yield of coix，and properly sparse planting density was in favor of increasing the seed number per plant and 1 00一seed weight．The increase of fertilizer supplies could heighten significantly the seed number per plant，100一seed weight，the effective number of plants and consequent yield in coix．While the the level of fertilizer supplies am