论复杂度.PDF

Dedicated to the memory of B.K. Vainshtein On Complexity* A. L. Mackay 論複雜度 School of Crystallography, Birkbeck College (University of London), Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX Received February 28, 2000 1 A.L. Mackay Abstract—What is the complexity of inorganic crystal structures, how may it be measured, and is there a limit? We present some speculations for discussion. © 2001 MAIK “Nauka/Interperiodica”. “There are indeed whole branches of mathematics dealing with the 1936 assessment of complexity, which no one has the ability or the imagination to make use of for grasping the biological situation. The difficulty of apply- ing topological analysis to embryonic development, for instance, is that morphological form may change considerably, while its topological status remains unchanged.” 一、若干個觀察 Joseph Needham (1936) OBSERVATIONS carried the same amount of energy and that the number N of high-frequency modes increased without limit. The Inorganic Crystal Structure Database contains Planck resolved the situation by postulating that the N energy sho