医护人员职业暴露及自我防护情况调查.docVIP

医护人员职业暴露及自我防护情况调查[摘要] 目的：了解医护人员在临床医疗活动中职业暴露及自我防护情况。方法：设计统一问卷对某省级医院医护人员进行回顾性调查。结果：共调查285名医护人员。在过去一年医疗活动中，85.61%的医护人员接触过患者的血液、体液、排泄物、分泌物；49.47%的医护人员遭受过锐器伤；41.05%的医护人员接受过职业防护教育；针对职业接触感染，医护人员未完全采取标准预防措施。结论：加强医护人员职业防护意识教育，做到标准预防，减少医护人员职业性、血原性疾病的感染是当前职业防护的重要课题。 [关键词] 医护人员；职业暴露；自我防护；调查 [中图分类号]R192.6 [文献标识码] B[文章编号] 1673-7210（2009）02（a）-134-02 The investigation about the medical staff’s occupational exposure and self-protection WEI Xue-fang, YANG Li-qi, SHAO Yi-bo, ZHANG Lei (Department of Hospital Infection Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China) [Abstract] Objective: To investigate about the medical staff’s self-protection and occupational exposure. Methods: The doctors and nurses were investigated retrospectively through questionnaires. Results: A total of 285 doctors and nurses were investigated. In the past year, iatrical edge tool injury happened in 49.47% for the doctors and nurses, 41.05% doctors and nurses received occupational protection training and 85.61% doctors and nurses touched patients? blood, body fluid, excreta and secretion. For occupational exposure, the doctors and nurses hadn?t carried out standard prevention. Conclusion: Strengthen the education of protective knowledge and carry out standard prevention procedures to reduce professional blood spread diseases is an important subject at present. [Key words]Doctors and nurses; Occupational exposure; Self-protection; Investigation 医护人员通过职业接触而感染艾滋病、乙肝、丙肝、流感及SARS严重威胁着医护人员的身体健康。我们通过对某省级医院医护人员的调查发现该医院医护人员职业接触感染情况及自我防护中所存在的问题，并针对这些问题提出相应的建议，报道如下： 1 材料与方法 1.1 调查对象 为某省级医院临床科室（急诊内科、血液内科、肿瘤科、神经内科、感染病科、普外科、妇产科、急诊外科、口腔科、麻醉科、眼科、胸外科、烧伤科、重症监护病房、干部病房、血液透析室、手术室、门诊急诊、抽血室）的医护人员。 1.2 调查方法及调查内容 设计统一问卷调查表，要求调查对象认真如实回答并一次性完成调查问卷。本次调查共发放问卷290份，回收290份，回收率为100.00%；有效问卷为285份，合格率为98.28%。调查内容包括调查对象的一般情况：性别、年龄、职业等；调查对象职业暴露情况、职业防护教育情况及职业防护行为等。 1.3 统计学方法 采用SPSS11.2统计学软件进行处理，计数资料用χ2检验，P＜0.05表示差异有统计学意义。 2 结果 2.1 一般情况 共调查285名医护人员，医生12