城镇污水处理设施空间优化配置研究 - 北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司.pdf

中国环境科学 2016,36(3) ：943~952 China Environmental Science 城镇污水处理设施空间优化配置研究 崔建鑫 1,2,赵海霞 1* (1. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室,江苏 南京 210008 ；2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100039) 摘要：城镇污水处理设施建设总体规模不足、空间布局不平衡等问题突出,基于效率最大化、费用最小化原则,从微观效率和宏观布局两 个维度进行空间优化配置,为解决城镇污水处理设施的空间均衡问题提供思路.以淮安市盱眙县盱城镇为例,利用 ArcGIS 网络分析工具,构 建“目标市场份额”和“最小阻抗”模型,进行镇区污水处理设施的空间优化配置.结果表明:已有的污水处理设施中, 由于管网配套不足, 富春运行负荷低,未来扩大服务范围、提高运行效率是重点;在合理运行条件下, 已有的污水厂的设计能力仍不满足治理需求,根据排污治污 缺口,需新建一座 2 万 t/d 规模的污水处理设施;新建污水厂的最佳位置位于缺口地区的最小费用点.微观效率与宏观布局的协同优化方案可 为盱城镇污水处理设施的格局优化提供科学依据, 同时也为全国同类地区城镇污水处理设施空间规划管理提供参考. 关键词：城镇污水处理设施；优化配置；ArcGIS ；微观效率；宏观布局 中图分类号：X703 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2016)03-0943-10 Method for spatial optimal allocation of urban sewage treatment facilities. CUI Jian-xin1,2, ZHAO Hai-xia1* (1.Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China ；2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China). China Environmental Science, 2016,36(3)：943~952 Abstract ：There are many problem of urban sewage treatment facilities in China, such as small scale and unbalanced distribution, which means optimal allocation of urban sewage treatment facilities is significant. Based on the principle of efficiency maximization and cost minimization, this paper aims to establish a new method for optimal allocation. Taking Xucheng Town in Huaian City Jiangsu province as a case, this paper established models of “target market share” and “the minimum impedance” by the ArcGIS network analyst tool. The result shows: One of the current sewage treatment facilities is operating reasonable, while the other one is inefficient because the equipped network is not enough. Then, the former facility can maintain, while the latter facility should expand its equipped network. The total treatment capac