CENTER FOR FAMILY DEMOGRAPHIC （家庭与人口中心）.pdf

CENTER FOR FAMILY DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH Making Graphs with Excel Summer 2014 Workshop Series Krista Payne, PhD. • Order of Presentation • Introduction—Why Charts? • Structure of an Excel Chart • Different Types of Charts • Basic Principles of Design • Graphing Interaction Effects • Creating a Chart with a Double Axis • The picture superiority effect • Information is better remembered in tests of recall and item recognition when presented as pictures rather than words (e.g. Durso OSullivan, 1983; Gehring, Toglia Kimble, 1976; Juola, Taylor Young, 1974; Paivio Csapo, 1973) Sources: Durso, F. T., O’Sullivan, C. S. (1983). Naming and remembering proper and common nouns and pictures. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, Cognition, 9, 497-510. Gehring, R. E., Toglia, M. P., Kimble, G. A. (1976). Recognition memory for words and pictures at short and long retention intervals. Memory Cognition, 4, 256-260. Juola, J. F., Taylor, G. A., Young, M. E. (1974). Stimulus encoding and decision processes in recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 102, 1108-1115. Paivio, A., Csapo, K. (1973). Picture superiority in free recall: Imagery or dual coding? Cognitive Psychology, 5, 176-206. • How do you process? o “According to the left-brain, right-brain dominance theory, the right side of the brain is best at expressive and creative tasks…The left-side of the brain is considered to be adept at tasks that involve logic, language and analytical thinking.” AKA hemispheri