Chapter 15 Proportional valves （第15章比例阀）.pdf

Chapter 15. 1 Chapter 15 Proportional valves 15.1 Introduction As we mentioned in Chapter 14, the name proportional can be used to describe any action where one parameter varies in some proportion to another. In the case of a servovalve, the spool position moves in proportion to the input signal. If closed loop velocity control is used, the velocity changes proportionally to input current. In the hydraulics industry, the term proportional valve refers to a specific type of valve which is quite distinctive to servovalves. Thus, when we talk about proportional valves, we are talking about a solenoid activated valve with very distinctive operating characteristics. The function of proportional valves is to provide a smooth and continuous variation in flow or pressure in response to an electrical input. In these valves, it is important to link the electronics to the valve very carefully. This will become quite evident later on. At this point, we shall try to define the differences between the more conventional “servovalves” and “proportional” valves. Essentially, it is the construction and flow- pressure-current characteristics which mark the differences. Proportional Valve Servovalve - Open loop control - Close loop control - less costly than servovalves - very expensive - require more power (50W) - low power input (.1 - .3W) - moderate filtration (30 m) - high filtration (1-5 m) - spools are overlapped - spools critically lapped - flow-current characteristics - flow-current characteristics very very nonlinear linear - hysteresis large 0.5% - very low hysteresis 0.1% - can be used as flow, p