第二章 血液（The second chapter blood）.docVIP

第二章 血液（The second chapter blood） The second chapter blood Teaching requirements: 1.. To enable students to establish the basic concepts of blood composition, main characteristics and main functions, and grasp the normal value, characteristics and main functions of blood cells and hemoglobin. 2. require students to master the general concept of blood volume and changes in exercise, and to understand the main influence of exercise on the number of blood cells and the change of hemoglobin value. Teaching methods: 1.. Teachers combine multimedia courseware to teach in class 2. experiment: microscopic observation of blood cells The first section is an overview I. composition of the blood 1. blood cells and plasma The human body blood circulation viscosity of liquid flowing in a pipeline. (centrifugal precipitation diagram) Composition: blood cells (40% - 50%): red blood cells (male: 40% - 50% - female: 37% - 48%), white blood cells and platelets (1%) Plasma (50% - 60%): water, inorganic substances (inorganic salts, ions), organic matter (metabolites, nutrients, hormones, antibodies, etc.) Serum: the blood and liquid components that consume fibrinogen 2. blood and body fluids The concept of bodily fluids: a large number of liquids and substances dissolved in the body. 60% for weight - 70%. Divided into: intracellular fluid (30% - 40%): cell membrane, constitute the cytoplasm. Extracellular fluid (20%): plasma (15%), interstitial fluid (5%), and coelomic fluid Two, the internal environment 1. concept: the environment in which the cells of the body live directly. Extracellular fluid. Compared with the direct human living environment, external environment, internal environment has its own physical and chemical properties, such as pH, osmotic pressure, gas pressure, temperature and so on, and in a certain range, can only survive in normal cells in the normal environment. Extracellular fluid - the main function of the internal environment is that cells pass through the materia