乔布斯2005年斯坦福大学毕业演讲之语体研究.doc

乔布斯2005年斯坦福大学毕业演讲之语体研究摘要：本论文将从词汇、句法和修辞三大方面对史蒂夫·乔布斯于2005年在美国斯坦福大学毕业典礼上所做的演讲进行语体分析。通过分析乔布斯的这篇演讲辞，我们能够从中学习和欣赏到乔布斯运用语言的技巧，从而提高我们的英语演讲能力。 关键词：乔布斯演讲 文体分析 词汇特征 句法特征 修辞特征 Chapter I. Introduction Public address is delivered for a special purpose, in a special way, on a special occasion. Its purpose is to impress, convince, or move the audience to action. Buehler and Johannesen define public address as “a memorized, original, persuasive speech, dealing with worth-while subject matter of timely interests, demonstrating qualities of logic, organization, language, and delivery, and producing an effect of eloquence which is far above the ordinary” (Xue, 2003). Commencement address is one type of public speaking that is a part of the numerous literary genres; it is a method of face-to-face education, motivation and communication. The specific stylistic features of Steve Jobs? commencement address at Stanford University are as follows: Chapter II. Lexical Features 2.1 Short and homely words: In order to be accurate and clear in meaning, successful speakers tend to choose concrete, familiar words over abstract, unfamiliar ones (Fu Li, 2010). In this address, there are 249 words containing more than six letters, and this kind of big words constitute 11% of the total speech, which means about 90% of the words in this speech are simple and commonly used. We can appreciate the simplicity and brevity of Jobs? language in his speech. Most of the words are monosyllables or composed of two syllables. However, the simplicity does not decrease the power of his language; instead, it is forceful and thought-provoking enough. 2.2 Contractions: Steve Jobs uses 32 contractions in this speech, such as “I?ve” “couldn?t” “didn?t” and so on. Why does Steve Jobs use so many contractions? Actually, it is determined by the occasion of this speech. This commencement address is delivered to those young graduate students of Stanford University, who do not expect a serious politician or