原创力文档chemical characterization of tomato industry wastewater, florida, united states番茄产业废水的化学特性,佛罗里达,美国.pdfVIP
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chemical characterization of tomato industry wastewater, florida, united states番茄产业废水的化学特性,佛罗里达,美国
Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 2012, 4, 107-114
/10.4236/jwarp.2012.43013 Published Online March 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jwarp)
Chemical Characterization of Tomato Industry
Wastewater, Florida, United States
Maninder K. Chahal, Gurpal S. Toor, Bielinski M. Santos
Soil and Water Quality Laboratory, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center,
University of Florida, Wimauma, Florida, USA
Email: gstoor@
Received January 11, 2012; revised February 1, 2012; accepted March 3, 2012
ABSTRACT
Tomato packers often struggle to find ways to reuse the large volumes of wastewater generated during the tomato
cleaning and sanitizing processes due to high transportation costs for off-site disposal and strict surface water discharge
regulations in Florida. Information about the composition of tomato packinghouse wastewater and the likely sources of
major wastewater constituents might provide insights to develop environmentally sustainable practices for wastewater
reuse. The objective of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of wastewater generated in tomato
packinghouses. The wastewater samples were collected for 6 to 8 hours from dump tanks of two representative pack-
inghouses at 30 minute intervals after start-up of packing operations during May-June 2009. Results showed that
wastewater had high electrical conductivity (1.3 - 2.8 dS·m–1) and chloride (255 - 1125 mg·L–1) due to the use of chlo-
rine as a sanitizer in the packinghouses. Concentrations of total phosphorus (P, 2.8 - 5.7 mg·L–1) and copper (Cu, 1.9 -
2.2 mg·L–1) in wastewater were elevated due to tomato cleaning and sanitizing. To
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