effect of a high silver stress on the element transfers from a smectite-type clay substrate to plants高银效果强调从smectite-type粘土基质元素转移到植物.pdfVIP

Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 2012, 2, 76-89 /10.4236/gsc.2012.22013 Published Online May 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/gsc) Effect of a High Silver Stress on the Element Transfers from a Smectite-Type Clay Substrate to Plants 1,2 1* 3 1 2 Khadija Semhi , Norbert Clauer , Sam Chaudhuri , René Boutin , Mohamed Hassan 1Laboratoire d’Hydrologie et de Géochimie de Strasbourg (CNRS-UdS), Strasbourg, France 2Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman 3Department of Geology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA * Email: nclauer@unistra.fr Received February 6, 2012; revised March 21, 2012; accepted March 25, 2012 ABSTRACT Two species of radishes, Raphanus sativus and Raphanus raphanistrum, were grown in the laboratory in the same sub- strate consisting of a smectite-type clay, which was watered at the beginning of the experience with 50 ml of a solution containing either none or 1000, 2000 or 4000 mg/L of AgNO3, respectively. Occurrence of the toxic metal in the sub- strate outlines higher element uptakes by the cultivated species Raphanus sativus than by the wild species Raphanus raphanistrum, except for the highest degree of Ag pollution. After a one-month growth in the Ag-polluted substrate, Raphanus sativus was depleted in most of the major, trace and rare-earth elements, except for Al, Fe, Th, Ag and U that increased in the radishes from substrate polluted by 2000 mg/L of AgNO3, and Sr, Co, Ni, U and Ag that increased in the radishes from substrate polluted by 4000 mg/L of AgNO3. Raphanus raphanistrum was enric