the dynamics of living and thinking systems, biological networks, and the laws of physics生活和思维的动力学系统,生物网络和物理定律.pdfVIP

THE DYNAMICS OF LIVING AND THINKING SYSTEMS, BIOLOGICAL NETWORKS, AND THE LAWS OF PHYSICS V. GONTAR Received 23 January 2004 “In order to make fundamental progress, we needed to introduce new physical concepts, such as deterministic ´ chaos and Poincare resonances, and new mathematical tools to turn these weaknesses into strengths.” Ilya Prigogine, (1997) Discrete chaotic dynamics (DCD) of living and thinking systems are presented in a form of networks of interacting agents with the abilities of energy and information exchange. Special dynamical principles followed by the systems of basic discrete time and space difference equations are introduced. Emergent, self-organized behavior of complex liv- ing and thinking systems is presented by the different patterns generated by the DCD algorithms. Artificial life and brain systems based on DCD principles and mathematical models are proposed. 1. Introduction In the last few decades, the constant technical development and the tremendous effort in the study of living systems have made it possible to accumulate massive experimental results on living cells, such as genomic sequences, protein structures, and the signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms of the cycles of living cells. How to make all this data observable and verifiable is the problem of theoretical biology; it still inspires more questions than answers. Composed of atoms and molecules, living cells hardly obey the physical laws of quantum mechanics and statistical physics. On the scale of their opera- tions, living cells also do not obey the laws of thermodynamics. Numerous attempts to depict the dynamics of living cells with the laws of physics