上海独居老人生活状况研究+文献综述.docVIP

上海独居老人生活状况研究+文献综述 摘要随着科学的进步经济的发展以及独生子女政策的实施，我国人口老龄化的趋势不断加大，年轻人对自由的追逐也导致现今的家庭结构日趋小型化。而且由于上海关于独居老人的社会保障制度的不完善造就了老人们生活中的许多问题，因此对于独居老人的生活状况需要更加重视。但是随着经济的发展，老人们不单单需要物质层面的关怀，更多的需要对于精神文化和健康的重视。本文结合实际，在上海市的某一社区，通过抽样调查和深入访谈的方式，以社区内的30位独居老人为对象展开调查，对独居老人的日常生活进行探讨和研究。如今的家庭结构的变化，独居老人已经很难得到普通的家庭照顾了，社区是他们生活的依靠和保证。因此，社区服务在于独居老人这方面成了举足轻重的地位了。7794 关键词：社区，独居老人，日常生活，精神 Research on the living conditions of the elderly living alone in Shanghaimdash;mdash;taking Y community as an example Abstract With the progress of science and the development of the economy and the implementation of the one-child policy, China#39;s aging population trend is rising, young people pursuit of freedom also caused today#39;s family structure has become increasingly miniaturized. And because the Shanghai social security system is not perfect about the old people who live alone has created many problems in old people#39;s life, so for the lives of old people who live alone need to pay more attention to. But with the development of economy, the old people need not only material care, more need for spiritual culture and health. Combining with the actual, in a community of Shanghai, through the way of sampling survey and in-depth interviews, to 30 old people who live alone within the community for the object to investigate, to discuss the solitary old man#39;s daily life and study. Now, the change of family structure, old people who live alone is hard to get common family care, community is rely on and guarantee of their life. Therefore, community service is that old people who live alone became a pivotal position. 我国人口老龄化的特点是老年人口规模大、人口老龄化速度快、未富先老。我国人口自身结构的变化，必然对社会经济发展产生较大影响。人口老龄化发展带来的劳动年龄人口比重下降，必然导致老年赡养系数和总供养系数上身。上海的独居老人群体不仅人数多，而且其比重也高于北京、天津和全国平均水平。这说明上海的独居老人问题与其他地区相比，显得更为严峻。 作为老年人中的ldquo;弱势群体rdquo;，独居老人从生理到心理都承受着比普通老年人更为沉重的负担。现代社会中老人和子女都要求有自己的ldquo;自由空间rdquo;，传统上的三代人甚至四代人同居的家庭模式已经淡出。但是社会服务体系却没有跟进，造成了在一些地方独居老人服务上的真空。 我国进入老龄化社会以来，呈现出老年人口基数大、增速快、高龄化、失能化、空巢化趋势明显的态势，再加上我国未富先老的国情和家庭小型化的结构叠加在一起，养老问题异常严峻。伴随着独居老