comparative genomics suggests an independent origin of cytoplasmic incompatibility in cardinium hertigii比较基因组学表明胞质不兼容的独立起源cardinium hertigii.pdfVIP

Comparative Genomics Suggests an Independent Origin of Cytoplasmic Incompatibility in Cardinium hertigii 1. 1,2. 3 4 ¨ 2 Thomas Penz , Stephan Schmitz-Esser , Suzanne E. Kelly , Bodil N. Cass , Anneliese Muller , 5 5 3 1 Tanja Woyke , Stephanie A. Malfatti , Martha S. Hunter *, Matthias Horn * 1 Department of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2 Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 3 Department of Entomology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America, 4 Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Entomology and Insect Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America, 5 U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, United States of America Abstract Terrestrial arthropods are commonly infected with maternally inherited bacterial symbionts that cause cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). In CI, the outcome of crosses between symbiont-infected males and uninfected females is reproductive failure, increasing the relative fitness of infected females and leading to spread of the symbiont in the host population. CI symbionts have profound impacts on host genetic structure and ecology and may lead to speciation and the rapid evolution of sex determination systems. Cardinium hertigii, a member of the Bacteroidetes and symbiont of the parasitic wasp Encarsia pergandiella, is the only known bacterium other than the Alphaproteobacteria Wolbachia to cause CI. Here we report the genome sequence of Ca