surmounting chemotherapy and radioresistance in chondrosarcoma molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets克服化疗和抗辐射性软骨肉瘤的分子机制和治疗的目标.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Sarcoma Volume 2011, Article ID 381564, 8 pages doi:10.1155/2011/381564 Review Article Surmounting Chemotherapy and Radioresistance in Chondrosarcoma: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets Anne C. Onishi, Alexander M. Hincker, and Francis Y. Lee Department of Orthopaedics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, Black Building, 14-1412, 650 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Francis Young-In Lee, fl127@ Received 29 August 2010; Accepted 15 November 2010 Academic Editor: Alberto Pappo Copyright © 2011 Anne C. Onishi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Chondrosarcoma, a primary malignancy of bone, has eluded successful treatment with modern chemotherapeutic and radiation regimens. To date, surgical resection of these tumors remains the only curative treatment offered to patients with this diagnosis. Understanding and exploring the nature of chemotherapy and radiation resistance in chondrosarcoma could lead to new molecular targets and more directed therapy for these notoriously difficult-to-treat tumors. Here we review the most current hypotheses regarding the molecular mechanisms mediating chemotherapy and radiation resistance and the future direction of chondrosarcoma therapy research. 1. “Know thy Enemy”: Treatment Obstacles in tumors are characterized by cartilage-forming cells with no Patients with Chondrosarcoma evidence of direct osteoid formation [3] and are graded