the effect of ingested macronutrients on postprandial ghrelin response a critical review of existing literature data营养素摄入的影响在餐后胃促生长素响应的关键评估现有文献数据.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Peptides Volume 2010, Article ID 710852, 9 pages doi:10.1155/2010/710852 Review Article The Effect of Ingested Macronutrients on Postprandial Ghrelin Response: A Critical Review of Existing Literature Data Chrysi Koliaki, Alexander Kokkinos, Nicholas Tentolouris, and Nicholas Katsilambros First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Agiou Thoma 17, 115 27 Athens, Greece Correspondence should be addressed to Chrysi Koliaki, chri.koliaki@ Received 10 October 2009; Accepted 14 December 2009 Academic Editor: Akio Inui Copyright © 2010 Chrysi Koliaki et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Ghrelin is a powerful orexigenic gut hormone with growth hormone releasing activity. It plays a pivotal role for long-term energy balance and short-term food intake. It is also recognized as a potent signal for meal initiation. Ghrelin levels rise sharply before feeding onset, and are strongly suppressed by food ingestion. Postprandial ghrelin response is totally macronutrient specific in normal weight subjects, but is rather independent of macronutrient composition in obese. In rodents and lean individuals, isoenergetic meals of different macronutrient content suppress ghrelin to a variable extent. Carbohydrate appears to be the most effective macronutrient for ghrelin suppression, because of its rapid absorption and insulin-secreting effect. Protein induces prolonged ghrelin suppression and is considered to be the most satiating macronutrient. Fat, on the other hand, exh