nanotechnology and drug delivery an update in oncology纳米技术和药物输送肿瘤学的更新.pdfVIP

Pharmaceutics 2011, 3, 171-185; doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics3020171 OPEN ACCESS pharmaceutics ISSN 1999-4923 /journal/pharmaceutics Review Nanotechnology and Drug Delivery: An Update in Oncology Tait Jones 1 and Nabil Saba 2,* 1 Department of Medicine, Emory University, 80 Jesse Hill Dr., Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; E-Mail: ttjones@ 2 Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: nfsaba@; Tel.: 404-778-1900; Fax: 404-686-4330. Received: 6 February 2011 / Accepted: 31 March 2011 / Published: 14 April 2011 Abstract: The field of nanotechnology has exploded in recent years with diverse arrays of applications. Cancer therapeutics have recently seen benefit from nanotechnology with the approval of some early nanoscale drug delivery systems. A diversity of novel delivery systems are currently under investigation and an array of newly developed, customized particles have reached clinical application. Drug delivery systems have traditionally relied on passive targeting via increased vascular permeability of malignant tissue, known as the enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR). More recently, there has been an increased use of active targeting by incorporating cell specific ligands such as monoclonal antibodies, lectins, and growth factor receptors. This customizable approach has raised the possibility of drug delivery systems capable of multipl