non-coding rnas a key to future personalized molecular therapy非编码rna未来个性化的分子治疗的关键.pdfVIP

Galasso et al. Genome Medicine 2010, 2:12 /content/2/2/12 RE VIE W Non-coding RNAs: a key to future personalized molecular therapy? 1 1 1,2,3 Marco Galasso , Maria Elena Sana and Stefano Volinia* RNAs (tel-sRNAs). Moreover, the recent demonstration Abstract that other ncRNAs, the ultraconserved genes or trans- Continual discoveries on non-coding RNA (ncRNA) cribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) [1], are involved have changed the landscape of human genetics in human carcinogenesis suggests that the broad family and molecular biology. Over the past ten years it of ncRNAs contributes to molecular alterations in several has become clear that ncRNAs are involved in many pathological conditions. physiological cellular processes and contribute to miRNAs are a conserved class of non-coding RNAs molecular alterations in pathological conditions. Several that regulate the translation of mRNAs (messenger classes of ncRNAs, such as small interfering RNAs, RNAs) by inhibiting ribosome function, decapping the 5’ microRNAs, PIWI-associated RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs cap structure, deadenylating the poly(A) tail and degrad- and transcribed ultra-conserved regions, are implicated ing target mRNAs [2]. miRNAs are involved in mecha- in cancer, heart diseases, immune disorders, and nisms of gene regulation in both normal and diseased neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases. ncRNAs