review of the evidence base for ecosystem-based approaches for adaptation to climate change审查的证据基础生态系统适应气候变化的方法.pdfVIP

Munroe et al. Environmental Evidence 2012, 1:13 /content/1/1/13 SYSTEMATIC REVIEW PROTOCOL Open Access Review of the evidence base for ecosystem-based approaches for adaptation to climate change 1* 2 3 4 4 5 2 Robert Munroe , Dilys Roe , Nathalie Doswald , Tom Spencer , Iris Möller , Bhaskar Vira , Hannah Reid , 6 2 3 7 Andreas Kontoleon , Alessandra Giuliani , Ivan Castelli and Jen Stephens Abstract Background: Ecosystem-based approaches for adaptation (EbA) integrate the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services into an overall strategy for helping people adapt to climate change. To date, insight into these approaches has often been based on reports from isolated anecdotal case studies. Although these are informative, and provide evidence that people are using ecosystems to adapt, they provide rather limited insight in terms of measuring and evaluating the effectiveness of EbA, especially when compared with technical or structural adaptation interventions. The body of scientific evidence indicating how effective such approaches are is lacking in some aspects. Where evidence does exist it is often dispersed across a range of related fields, such as natural resource management, disaster risk reduction and agroecology. To date, there has been little attempt to systematically assemble and analyse this evidence. Therefore, the current state of evidence regarding the merits or otherwise of EbA is unknown and it has not been possible to identify prevailing knowledge gaps to inform research and analysis, which will enable policymakers to compare EbA with other adaptation options. Methods: This protocol details the m