routes to nanoparticle-polymer superlattices航线nanoparticle-polymer超晶格.pdfVIP

Polymers 2011, 3, 662-673; doi:10.3390/polym3020662 OPEN ACCESS polymers ISSN 2073-4360 /journal/polymers Review Routes to Nanoparticle-Polymer Superlattices Sara Mehdizadeh Taheri, Steffen Fischer and Stephan Förster * Physikalische Chemie I, Universität Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany; E-Mails: Sara.Mehdizadeh.Taheri@chemie.uni-hamburg.de (S.M.T.); fischers@chemie.uni-hamburg.de (S.F.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: stephan.foerster@uni-bayreuth.de; Tel.: +49-921-55-2760; Fax: +49-921-55-2780. Received: 28 January 2011 / Accepted: 28 February 2011 / Published: 24 March 2011 Abstract: Nanoparticles can self-assemble into highly ordered two- and three-dimensional superlattices. For many practical applications these assemblies need to be integrated into polymeric matrices to provide stability and function. By appropriate co-assembly of nanoparticles and polymers it has become possible to tailor the nanoparticle superlattice structure via the length and stiffness of the polymer chains. The present article outlines and discusses established routes to nanoparticle-polymer superlattices. Recent progress has been remarkable so that the integration into functional devices has become the next challenge. Keywords: nanoparticles; block copolymers; self-assembly 1. Introduction Nanoparticles can self-assemble into ordered superlattices leading to the formation of two-dimensional highly ordered monolayers [1] or three-dimensional