原创力文档use of the internal transcribed spacer (its) regions to examine symbiont divergence and as a diagnostic tool for sodalis-related bacteria使用内部转录间隔区(its)地区检查共生者散度和作为sodalis-related细菌的诊断工具.pdfVIP
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use of the internal transcribed spacer (its) regions to examine symbiont divergence and as a diagnostic tool for sodalis-related bacteria使用内部转录间隔区(its)地区检查共生者散度和作为sodalis-related细菌的诊断工具
Insects 2011, 2, 515-531; doi:10.3390/insects2040515
OPEN ACCESS
insects
ISSN 2075-4450
/journal/insects/
Article
Use of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Regions to
Examine Symbiont Divergence and as a Diagnostic Tool for
Sodalis-Related Bacteria
Anna K. Snyder, Kenneth Z. Adkins and Rita V. M. Rio *
Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
E-Mails: asnyde19@ (A.K.S.); kennethzadkins@ (K.Z.A.)
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: rita.rio@;
Tel.: +1-304-293-5201 (ext. 31458); Fax: +1-304-293-6363.
Received: 21 September 2011; in revised form: 15 November 2011 / Accepted: 17 November 2011 /
Published: 30 November 2011
Abstract: Bacteria excel in most ecological niches, including insect symbioses. A cluster
of bacterial symbionts, established within a broad range of insects, share high 16S rRNA
similarities with the secondary symbiont of the tsetse fly (Diptera: Glossinidae),
Sodalis glossinidius. Although 16S rRNA has proven informative towards characterization
of this clade, the gene is insufficient for examining recent divergence due to selective
constraints. Here, we assess the application of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions,
specifically the ITSglu and ITSala,ile, used in conjunction with 16S rRNA to enhance the
phylogenetic resolution of Sodalis-allied bacteria. The 16S rRNA + ITS regions of Sodalis
and allied bacteria demonstrated significant diver
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