病理生理学-第四章 酸碱平衡和酸碱平衡紊乱（Pathophysiology - the fourth chapter, acid-base balance and acid-base disturbance）.doc

病理生理学-第四章 酸碱平衡和酸碱平衡紊乱（Pathophysiology - the fourth chapter, acid-base balance and acid-base disturbance） A man knows his horses power, and he sees it through time. The eternal things, gain and loss Cunxin know. Energy-saving, green hilltops as a bridge. Perseverance, can engrave stone. The sand in the desert is like snow, and the moon in Yanshan seems like a hook. The fourth chapter is about acid-base balance and acid-base balance disturbance I. multiple-choice questions Type A 1. the correct acid base concept is A. all with OH- is base B. determines acids and bases according to the ability to release or accept H+ Both C.HCO3- and HSO4- carry H, so theyre all sour D. solid NaOH and KOH are real bases E. proteins are neither acids nor bases in the body 2. the pH value of the blood depends mainly on the plasma A.HCO3-B.PaCO2C.H2CO3 The ratio of D.HCO3- to H2CO3, the ratio of E.HPO42- to H2PO4- 3. what is wrong with the concept of acid-base balance? A. normal life activities must have a proper pH of the body fluid B. extracellular fluid and intracellular fluid pH are the same The [H+] of arterial blood and venous blood varied between C. physiological conditions D. metabolism in vivo mainly produces acidic products, the body can adjust to maintain pH constant E. regulates acid-base balance mainly by buffering system, lung and kidney 4. which of the following is not characteristic of the kidneys action on acid-base regulation? The action of A. is slower B. reabsorption of NaHCO3 mainly in the proximal convoluted tubules Both C. reabsorption and regeneration of HCO3- require secretion of H+ D. tubular epithelial cells produce ammonia and expel more H+ from urine E. can regulate the excretion of acid and alkali by increasing or decreasing glomerular filtration rate The 5. anion gap is A. serum did not measure the difference between the anions and the concentrations of the unmeasured cations B. Anions other than HCO3- and Cl- C. anions differ from cation concentrations in s