Hospice and Palliative and Home care-保守治疗-临终关怀-家访护理.pptxVIP

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Hospice and Palliative and Home care-保守治疗-临终关怀-家访护理.pptx

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Palliative and Hospice careHome Health Care保守治疗, 临终关怀,家访护理;History of Hospice Care (临终关怀的历史) The term “hospice” (from the same linguistic root as “hospitality”) can be traced back to medieval times when it referred to a place of shelter and rest for weary or ill travelers on a long journey.? (术语“临终关怀”（来自与“好客”相同的语言根源）可以追溯到中世纪的时代，当时它涉及到一个长途跋涉的疲惫或病态旅行者的住所和休息场所) The name was first applied to specialized care for dying patients by physician Dame Cicely Saunders, who began?her work with the terminally ill in 1948 and eventually went on to create the first modern hospice—St. Christopher’s Hospice—in a residential suburb of London. 1965: Florence Wald, then Dean of the Yale School of Nursing, invites Saunders (Saunders introduced the idea of specialized care for the dying to the United States during a 1963 visit with Yale University.?) to become a visiting faculty member of the school for the spring term. 1974: The first hospice legislation is introduced by Senators Frank Church and Frank E. Moss to provide federal funds for hospice programs.? The legislation is not enacted. 1979: The Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) initiates demonstration programs at 26 hospices across the country to assess the cost effectiveness of hospice care and to help determine what a hospice is and what it should provide. 1980: The W.K. Kellogg Foundation awards a grant to the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals (JCAHO) to investigate the status of hospice and to develop standards for hospice accreditation. 1982: Congress includes a provision to create a Medicare hospice benefit in the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982, with a 1986 sunset provision. 1984: JCAHO (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations)J initiates hospice accreditation. 1986: The Medicare Hospice Benefit is made permanent by Congress and hospices are given a 10% increase in reimbursement rates.? States are given the option of including hospice in their Medicaid programs.?