虚拟语气重要.pptVIP

虚拟语气用于其他句型 1. 无“条件”的虚拟语气句 所谓无“条件”，指的是句子表层没有通常使用的if等引起的表示条件的句子，但其深层结构或是上下文中还是有条件的。这种条件可以用介词、名词、连词、分词、不定式、定语从句或上下文等来表示出来。常用的表示无“条件”的词有：with, without, but for, or, but, otherwise, in case of 等。这种句子往往是有主句而无从句。例如： 1. But for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded.(介词短语) 2. She wasn’t feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early.(介词短语) 3. Without the opening up, China would not have achieved so much in the past 30 years. (介词) 4. Given the opportunity, he might have become a famous singer.(过去分词) 5. Cooked a little longer, the meat would be more delicious. (过去分词) 6. To talk with him, you would know he is a frank man.不定式 7. With all the world to rule, he wouldn’t be content. 8. A gentleman wouldn’t have talked like that.(名词) 9. Your refusal would make him sad.(名词) 10. I wouldn’t be deceived so easily. (上下文,=If I were you, …) 2. 含蓄条件句 　有些句子中，没有任何表示虚拟语气的词、短语或从句，但仍要用虚拟语气。这时，要么省略了表示虚拟语气的部分，要么隐含在上下文中，称为含蓄条件句。例如： I would do anything for her. (if I could) Even stones would shed tears. (to hear the sad story) We could have won the battle. (but we were impatient) 3. If only 谓语动词用一般过去式表示现在没有实现的愿望，用过去完成式表示过去没有实现的愿望，常译为“要是……就好了”。例如： If only she had known where to find you. If only I could speak several foreign languages! 4. It is (high, about) time…. 在该句型中，谓语动词用过去式，指现在或将来的情况，表示“早该干某事而已经有些晚了”。例如： It is high time that we were off. It is time that somebody taught you to behave yourself. It is about time that we should go to bed. 5. would rather 接从句，用虚拟语气。用一般过去式时，表示一个现在或将来的愿望；用过去完成式时，表示一个过去的愿望。例如： I’d rather you paid the money yourself. I’d rather she painted the wall green next time. I’d rather she hadn’t sent me the text message that day. 6. If it were not(had not been) for…. 在这个结构意为“如果没有（当时没有）……，表示同现在（过去）事实相反的假设。例如： If it were not for the rain, the crops would be ruined. If it had not been for the captain’s determination, the ship would have sunk. 7. 情态动词＋have done 有时，情态动词＋have done可用来对过去事实进行猜测，表示“本来该（能、需）做而没有做的事”，或表示“本来不该（能、需）做而做的事”等。例如：