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六种杂豆淀粉的理化性质研究 study on physicochemical properties of six kinds of beans starch
粮油食品科技 第22卷 2014年 第4期 粮食加工
六种杂豆淀粉的理化性质研究
汪丽萍,刘艳香,田晓红,刘 明,吴娜娜,谭 斌
(国家粮食局科学研究院,北京 100037)
摘 要:以绿豆、奶花芸豆、红小豆、豌豆、英国红芸豆、小扁豆为材料,采用湿磨法提取淀粉,以大
米、小麦淀粉为对照,对杂豆淀粉的理化特性进行分析研究。结果表明:6 种杂豆淀粉颗粒形貌相
似,颗粒普遍较大,呈圆形或椭圆形,均匀度较好。在相同制备条件下,杂豆淀粉间的水分、灰分和
蛋白质差异较明显。杂豆淀粉间的直链淀粉和回生淀粉含量差距不大,均达40%以上。淀粉的溶
解度和膨润力均随温度的升高而增加。杂豆淀粉间的透光率差异显著,普遍较小麦、大米淀粉的透
光率要好。杂豆淀粉间的糊化特性差异显著,热特性差异不显著,淀粉分子结晶度相近,糊化难易
程度比较接近。杂豆淀粉与小麦、大米淀粉理化性质差异显著。
关键词:杂豆;淀粉;理化性质
中图分类号:TS 214.9 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1007 -7561(2014)04 -0001 -05
Study on physicochemical properties ofsix kinds ofbeans starch
WANGLi-ping,LIU Yan-xiang,TIAN Xiao-hong,LIU Ming,WU Na-na,TAN Bin
(Academy ofState Administration ofGrain,Beijing 100037)
Abstract:Starcheswere extracted from mung beans,phaseolusvulgaris,red bean,pea,british red kid
ney beans and lentilsby wet-grinding method.Theirphysicochemical propertieswere analyzed by com
pared with wheat and rice starches asthe control groups.The results showed that starch'sparticlesofthe
beans were similar with bigger granularity,and circular or elliptic shape,and good uniformity.There
was significant difference of moisture,ash and protein between each of the beans prepared under the
same conditions.The contents of amylose and retrograded starch among the beans starch had little
difference,each above40%.The starch swelling power and solubility increased along with the rise of
temperature.There was significant difference in light transmittance among the beans starch which was
better thanthatofwheatstarch andrice starch.Therewassignificantdifference in gelatinization charac
teristics among the beans starch.Among the beans starch,there were no significant differencesin ther
mal characteristics,and their crystallinity ofthe starch molecule were close,so did t
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