生物表面活性剂论文：一种新型生物表面活性剂的制备及应用研究.docVIP

生物表面活性剂论文：一种新型生物表面活性剂的制备及应用研究 【中文摘要】由微生物代谢产生的生物表面活性剂是一类天然两亲化合物,含有亲水基及疏水基结构,具有一定的表、界面活性,以及自身优势:无毒、易被生物降解;高效的起泡性、良好的破乳性;对细菌、真菌及病毒具有高效的抑制作用;不致敏、易消化。可作为新型的天然添加剂,在化工行业、食品工业、医药行业和农业等领域,愈来愈受到人们的关注。本论文主要从生物表面活性剂产生菌的筛选、菌株的鉴定、发酵培养条件的优化、产物的理化性质、产物的提取纯化及抑菌活性的应用等方面作了较全面的研究。将吊环表面张力测定法,排油性能测定法和乳化性能测定法相结合,筛选获得生产表面活性剂的优势菌株BS01,菌株BS01的发酵液具有良好的起泡性、较高的乳化性能及排油性能。通过菌株形态学、培养特征观察及生理生化特性鉴定,初步鉴定菌株BS01为枯草芽孢杆菌。对菌株BS01的发酵液进行初步分离提取,实验表明:该生物表面活性剂为脂肽类物质,对液体石蜡等疏水性物质具有较强的乳化性能,15d后油水乳化能力仍能达到80%以上;对pH适应范围较宽,在2-12的变化范围内变化不大;对NaCl的耐受性达到12%;对温度表现出极强的耐受性,经120℃的热处理后,表面活性仍能保持。在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法对生物表面活性剂产生菌株BS01的发酵工艺进行优化,确定优化后的培养条件为:初始pH为7.06、培养温度为37.5℃、接种量为3.89%、摇床转速为158.94r/min。脂肽类生物表面活性对农业致病真菌及人体致病细菌的抗菌谱广,并对温度、盐浓度、pH均具有较强的耐受性。从菌株BS01发酵中所提取的脂肽类生物表面活性剂是胞外代谢产物,具有较好的保鲜效果,可延缓水果的腐烂,防腐率可达78.5%,具有良好的抑菌防腐应用前景。 【英文摘要】Biosurfactants are natural amphiphilic compounds that are produced by microorganism and had the structure of hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups. They have a certain surface activity, as well as its own advantages: innocuity, biodegradable easily; higher foaming, well demulsification; higher inhibition on bacteria, fungi and viruses; it can be used as natural additives because of no sensitized and digestible, people are paying more and more attention to them in fine chemical industry, food industry, medicine and agriculture.This paper mainly studied comprehensively on screening of strain that produced biosurfactants、identification of the strain、optimization of the fermentation conditions、physiological and biochemical nature of the products、purification of the products、application of the antibacterial activity and other aspects.Screening superiority strain BS01 that producing biosurfactants by using the determination methods of ring surface tension、oil discharge activity and emulsification. The fermentation fluid of strain BS01 had well foaming、higher emulsion capacity and oil discharge activity, strain BS01 was identified as Bacillus subtilis by colony morphology、culture characteristies and identification