跳跃式的归纳法则.pptVIP

Cell theory: 跳躍式的歸納法則? 發展過程: 新工具、新方法能決定視野。 當時的文化背景 中國當時在做什麼 Look into the tiny world Zacharias Janssen is believed to be the first investigator to invent the compound microscope (2 lenses; ca. 1590s). However, most scholars believe that his father, Hans, must have played an important role in the creation of the instrument. (in Middleburg, Holland) Hans Lippershey, another Dutch spectacle-maker, who is often alternatively credited with the invention of the microscope. Robert Hooke (1635-1703) Robert Hooke is one of the most neglected natural philosophers of all time. The inventor of, amongst other things, the iris diaphragm in cameras, the universal joint used in motor vehicles, the balance wheel in a watch, the originator of the word cell in biology, He fell out with Newton, and certainly had a difficult temperament. Robert Hooke (1635-1730) /chronolo.htm /~kmiles/spec/hooks.html /robert_hooke.htm I told (meaning counted) several lines of these pores, and found that there were usually about threescore (60) of these cells placed end-ways in the eighteenth part of an inch in length...and therefore in a square inch about a million or 1166400, and in a cubic Inch, about twelve hundred million, or 1259712000, a thing almost incredible, did not our microscope assure us of it by ocular demonstrations... To Make a Van Leeuwenhoek Microscope Replica (1 lens) by Alan Shinn In the later part of the 17th century, a Dutch amateur scientist named Anton van Leeuwenhoeck made some really fantastic discoveries - but they made essentially no impact on science (Why???). Using tiny single-lens microscopes of his own design, Leeuwenhoeck made the first descriptions of protozoa, bacteria, and spermatozoa which he called animalcules and made the first detailed descriptions of the red blood cell. He looked at everything - rain water, canal water, his saliva, his feces. He saw an entirely new world which had never been seen before. He also discovered the first protozoal parasite -