浅谈支气管哮喘中医治疗与方法.docVIP

精品论文 参考文献 浅谈支气管哮喘中医治疗与方法 王骏（延吉市中医院呼吸内科 吉林延吉 133000） 【中图分类号】R256【文献标识码】B【文章编号】1672-5085（2012）4-0426-02 【摘要】 哮喘是一种反复发作的慢性疾病，其治疗方法，可因发作期与缓解期证候的不同而有较大的差异。中医对哮喘的治疗应首先辨明哮喘虚实；根据实喘、虚喘、虚喘再细辨属肺虚、脾虚，是阳虚还是阴虚。实喘再细辨属寒喘还是属热喘，并注意寒热的相兼和转化，进行辨证施治。除辨虚寒热的证侯外，还须细辨有无痰壅。一般认为，急性哮喘发作期多属实证，主要表现为突然发病，胸膈满闷，呼吸急促，喉中有哮鸣音，呼气延长，被迫起坐，不得平卧，重者可见面色苍白或紫绀，大汗淋漓，哮喘缓解期多属虚证。久病反复发作者可虚实夹杂。 【关键词】 支气管哮喘 中医治疗 【Abstract】 asthma is a chronic recurrent disease, its treatment, can be due to exacerbation and remission of symptoms is different and there is a big difference between. Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of asthma should first distinguish asthma and wheezing; according to actual, asthenia, asthenia and fine resolution of lung deficiency, spleen deficiency, is the Yang or Yin deficiency. It was then differentiate belongs to cold breath or heat asthma, and pay attention to the combination and transformation of cold and heat, syndrome differentiation. In addition to differentiate deficiency heat syndrome, must differentiate without phlegm. Think commonly, acute asthma exacerbation are empirical, mainly manifesting as sudden onset, chest and diaphragm with nausea, shortness of breath, throat wheezes, expiratory prolongation, was forced to sit up, not lying, or visible pale or cyanosis, sweating, asthma in remission stage mostly deficiency. A repeated hair can be the actual situation mixture author. 【Key words】 bronchial asthma; treatment of traditional Chinese Medicine 哮喘发作期的辨证施治；哮喘发作期多为实证，急则治标，以攻邪平喘为主，并可选用西药和针灸疗法，务求迅速缓解控制症状。应首先分清寒热，偏寒的应温化宣肺；偏热的应清化宣肺，临床上以偏寒较为多见。支气管哮喘的发作期往往是骤然起病，亦可先有鼻喉作痒、鼻塞、胸闷、打喷嚏等前驱症状，发作时则均以呼吸困难、喉肿痰鸣、痰粘量少、咳吐不利、甚至张口抬肩、目涨睛突、不能平卧、烦躁不安、面唇青紫等为特征。病人因个体素质、发作季节、诱发因素以及兼证等不同，使哮喘病人的痰有寒化和热化之分，哮喘发作期有冷哮、热哮之分，寒喘和热喘之别。现就我们近年来按照中医的辨证施治介绍支气管哮喘中医治疗方法如下。 1 寒喘治法：温肺散寒，祛痰平喘 方药：方拟小青龙或苏子降气汤加减。 小青龙汤来自《伤寒论》，其组成是麻黄5g、桂枝5g、白芍6g、干姜5g、细辛3g、五味子3g、半夏10g、灸干草3g，此方是治疗“冷哮”的著名古方，适用于兼有风寒表证的哮喘发作。临床应用时可随证加减，如咳甚加杏仁、喘重加地龙，痰多加款冬花等。现代药理研究表明，此方的主药麻黄所含的主要成份—麻黄素是一种beta;受体激动剂，而桂枝细辛皆有抗过敏作用。近