英语中虚拟语气的用法及实例分析.docVIP

精品论文 参考文献 英语中虚拟语气的用法及实例分析 邓华/江苏省常州市第一中学 【摘要】本文研究英语中虚拟语气的用法，并结合四级考试进行实例分析。指出只要掌握了其中的规律，许多问题都可迎刃而解。对于英语初学者有极大的帮助。 【关键词】英语虚拟语气 虚拟语气（the subjunctive mood）是英语中一种非常重要的语法现象, 也是四级考试语法测试中出现频率最高的语法现象。虚拟语气形式多样，对于英语初学者来说，往往很难掌握。 实际上，只要掌握了其中的规律，许多问题都可迎刃而解。我们将虚拟语气的用法分成六大类，并结合四级考试中的实例以便于英语学习者掌握。虚拟语气，顾名思义，表示假设情况、说话者的主观愿望。 Ⅰ普通型 普通型虚拟语气是最容易掌握的虚拟语气形式，即以if 引导的主从复合句中的虚拟语气，包括与现在事实相反，与将来事实相反和与过去事实相反三种形式。其主句和从句中的谓语动词都会有相应的变化。 实例分析： 1. If she not ill, she could come to the party. A) would be B) will be C) wereD) should (C) 2. if I were to teach you , I you in English. A) would teach B) taught C) will teachD) would be taught (A) 3. Things might have been much worse if the mother on her right to keep the baby. (02-1-59)* A) has been insisting B) had insisted C) would insist D) insisted (B) 在书面语中，非真实条件句中从句的if可以省略，但要把从句的助动词（即were, should和had）提前。如： 1. The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, all practical value by the time they were finished. (01-6-33) A) had lost B) would have lost C) would lose D) should have lost (B) 1. right now, she would get there on Sunday. (96-6-42) A) Would she leave B) If she leaves C) Were she to leave D) If she had left (C) Ⅱ错综时间虚拟语气句 有时句子中，主句和从句的动作并不象普通型那样在时间上保持一致，这就需要根据实际时间来进行调整。这类题型较难掌握，搞清时间背景是解题的关键。 实例分析： 1. if I harder at school, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now. (02-12-34) A) worked B) were to work C) had worked D) were working (C) 2. If I hadnrsquo;t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell,you now. (99-1-60) A) couldnrsquo;t smiled B) wouldnrsquo;t be smiling C) didnrsquo;t smile D) wonrsquo;t smile (B) Ⅲ wish 虚拟结构 wish 虚拟结构指wish动词后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气形式，表示说话者的愿望，这个愿望在说话当时没有实现，有时根本不能实现。它也包括与现在、将来、过去时间相反的三种谓语形式。 Wish 虚拟语气的谓语动词形式 实例分析： 1. Sometimes I wish I in