Stylistics 中文 文体学课件.ppt

1. Hale knew, before he had been in Brighton three hours, that they meant to murder him. (Brighton rock , Graham Green) 2. 1. My old man has kicked the bucket. 2. My dear father has passed away. 3. My father has died. 4. My beloved parent has joined the heavenly choir. Cf. A. The police are investigating the case of murder. B. The police are looking into the case of murder. (Lexically, Latin, French, Greek words are generally used in formal style; Words from old English are mostly used in informal style.) Syntactically, more verb phrases are used in informal style while single verbs of equivalent meaning are used in formal style. IF : The criminals finally turned themselves in. F: The criminals finally surrendered. IF: I can’t put up with your bad manners. F: I cannot tolerate your bad manners. IF: He tried to make good use of his abilities in the new job. F: He endeavoured to utilize his abilities in the new position. 1. 主格—宾格 （f-if） IF: Bill speaks French more fluently than me. F: Bill speaks French more fluently than I. 2. Yet, however, nevertheless, in spite of (despite), notwithstanding 表让步概念时，常用于正式文体。 But, anyway，all the same, though, although (although 比 though 更正式些）等。 IF: A wolf, after all, is a wolf though it has artful disguises. F: A wolf, after all, is a wolf in spite of (despite) it has artful disguises. 3. IF: He tried to prevent the marriage but it took place all the same. F: He endeavoured to prevent the marriage ; however, they married notwithstanding. 3. 非正式文体常用副词做状语；而正式文体常用由介词和与该副词同根的词够成的介词短语： IF: He spoke confidently. F: He spoke in a confident manner. F: He spoke with confidence. 4. 表达因果关系时， 正式文体常用on account of , accordingly, thus, hence, consequently, owing to ( the fact that…)等词或词组，且较经常地运用分词短语、独立主格结构等；非正式文体 常用 so , because 或其他形式的表示原因的重句。 IF: Since the weather had improved, we decided to go swimming. F: The wea