战略性新兴产业典型国家的产业发展对比研究.docVIP

战略性新兴产业典型国家的产业发展对比研究 　　摘要以?鹇孕孕滦瞬?业领域发展较好的世界典型国家为研究对象，与中国七个战略性新兴产业发展现状进行一一对比分析.结果表明：（1）美国占据节能环保产业的生产和消费绝对优势，中国的节能环保产业市场规模相比显得幼小；（2）全球新一代信息技术产业的主要市场份额由美国、欧盟占据，但中国对该产业的国内市场需求发展迅速；（3）全球生物医药产业呈现集群化发展态势，美国、欧洲、日本拥有世界94%的专利，中国的技术研发薄弱；（4）美国、加拿大、欧洲、俄罗斯的高端装备制造业在全球处于全面领先地位，中国的该产业在市场和技术上紧追发达国家；（5）美国、日本、德国、俄罗斯的新材料产业技术处于全球领先地位，中国、印度和巴西的迅速发展；（6）新能源产业方面以光伏为主，中国光伏装机规模最大，北美、欧洲、日本出口市场放缓，中国仍然存在产能过剩风险；（7）中国、美国、欧洲新能源汽车销售增长率最快，中国新能源汽车自主使用率高，但对政府补贴的依赖很严重.针对上述分析结果，结合中国战略性新兴产业发展存在的实际问题，提出了相应的对策建议. 　　关键词产业经济学；发展策略；对比分析；世界典型国家；七个战略性新兴产业 　　中图分类号F119.9文献标识码A 　　Comparative study on thestrategic emerging industries of typical countries in the world 　　Yan WU1、2，Zhengchu HE2 　　（1.Business School，Changsha Social Work College，Changsha 410004，China； 　　2.Changsha University of Science and Technology，Changsha 410114，China） 　　AbstractThis article takes the typical country in the world in which strategic emerging industries have well developed as the research object，then one by one comparative analysis was made between those countries and China.The research results are as follows：1）The United States occupies the absolute production and consumption advantages in energysaving environmental protection industry，but Chinas market scale is small； 2）The new generation of information technology industrys global market share is dominated by the United States and the European Union，but Chinas domestic market demand has developed rapidly； 3）The global biomedical industry presents cluster development model，and the United States，Europe and Japan has its 94% patents in the world，but chinas technology research and development is weak； 4）The United States，Canada，Europe and Russias highend equipment manufacturing industry is in a global leading position，but China pursues closely the developed countries in the market and technology； 5）The United States，Japan，Germany and Russias new materials industry is in the leading position in the world of science and technology，meanwhile China，India and Brazil are developing rap