第14章 OOP软件开发技术.pptVIP

Chapter 14 Topics Structured Programming vs. Object-Oriented Programming Using Inheritance to Create a New C++ class Type Using Composition (Containment) to Create a New C++ class Type Static vs. Dynamic Binding of Operations to Objects Virtual Member Functions Two Programming Paradigms Object-Oriented Programming Language Features 1. Data abstraction 2. Inheritance of properties 3. Dynamic binding of operations to objects OOP Terms C++ Equivalents Object Class object or class instance Instance variable Private data member Method Public member function Message passing Function call ( to a public member function ) What is an object? Inheritance Hierarchy Among Vehicles Inheritance is a mechanism by which one class acquires (inherits) the properties (both data and operations) of another class the class being inherited from is the Base Class (Superclass) the class that inherits is the Derived Class (Subclass) the derived class is then specialized by adding properties specific to it class Time Specification // SPECIFICATION FILE ( time.h ) class Time { public : void Set ( int hours , int minutes , int seconds ) ; void Increment ( ) ; void Write ( ) const ; Time ( int initHrs, int initMins, int initSecs ) ; // constructor Time ( ) ; // default constructor private : int hrs ; int mins ; int secs ; } ;  Using Inheritance to Add Features // SPECIFICATION FILE ( exttime.h) #include “time.h” enum ZoneType {EST, CST, MST, PST, EDT, CDT, MDT, PDT } ; class ExtTime : public Time // Time is the base class { public : void Set ( int hours, int minutes, int seconds , ZoneType timeZone ) ; void Write ( ) const ; ExtTime ( int initHrs , int initMins , int initSecs ,