浅析大数据时代下数据对竞争的影响.docVIP

浅析大数据时代下数据对竞争的影响 宁宣凤吴涵 北京市金杜律师事务所 大数据时代，数据在企业商业活动和市场竞争中的价值H益凸显，大量传统及 数据驱动型企业开始挖掘海量、多样数据的商业价值。普遍认为“大数据”驱动 和指导的商业行为能够为企业带来丰厚的回报，帮助企业在激烈的市场竞争屮 增强竞争力。然而，也有观点认为数据具有非排他性和可替代性，加之数据驱动 型在线市场动态竞争的特点，其对经营者在市场竞争中的价值相对有限。但竞争 主管机关的执法实践表明，如果数据木身是独特且不可替代的，则数据或数据 接U有可能在相关市场上构成经营所需的“关键设施”。对于争议最大的线上数 据，其已经成为互联网企业重要的商业资源，是企业竞争优势的来源。在此背景 下，各国竞争执法机构已经开始关注可能基于数据的垄断问题，并对大数据可 能对竞争执法的影响进行了深入讨论。本文以数据本身的特征为基础，结合国内 外最新执法和司法实践，探讨数据与企业市场竞争力的关系，并分享数据可能 对于竞争执法影响的初步思考 关键词： 大数据;非排他性;可替代性;动态竞争;数据价值; 宁宣风麦吉尔大学法学，北京市金杜律师高级合伙人。 吴涵北京大学法律（J.D.）,北京市金杜律师事务所资深律师。 Brief Analysis on the Impact of Data on Competition in the Big Data Era NING Xuan-feng WU Han Abstract： In the big data era, data is playing an increasingly important role in the business operations of companies and has become crucial assets in the competition. Numerous traditional and data-driven companies begin to exploit the commercial value of large volumes and varieties of data. Commercial activities driven by “big data” analysis are believed to generate substantial returns for companies, reinforcing the market competitiveness of companies. However, some are of the view that data could only bring limited value to business operators, taking into account the non-rivalry and substitutability of data as well as the dynamic competition in data-driven online market. Recent enforcement practices of competition authorities suggest that if data itself is unique and non-substitutable, then data or relevant data interface are likely to constitute the “essential facility” required for operating in relevant markets. Further, online data， though under huge debate, has become critical commercial resources for and the source of competitive advantages of business operators in the Internet sector. Tn such circumstances, data related antitrust issues have begun to catch the attention of competition authorities in a number of jurisdictions, and in-depth discussions have been carried out to explore the possible impact of big data on antitrust enforcement. This articl