[临床医学]03connnective tissue 结缔组织.pptVIP

Chapter 3Connective tissue proper Classification of connective tissue Connective tissue proper （固有结缔组织）: Loose C.T. （疏松结缔组织） Dense C.T. （致密结缔组织） Adipose tissue （脂肪组织） Reticular tissue（网状组织） Cartilage and bone（软骨和骨） Blood and Lymph（血液和淋巴） General feature of connective tissue Distribute widely in the body Cells + extracellular matrix Cell: small number but many types, separate and no polarity Extracellular matrix: abundant fibers + ground substance + tissue fluid Filled with B.V., L.V., N. Connective tissue proper 固有结缔组织 loose connective tissue dense connective tissue adipose tissue reticular tissue Loose connective tissue疏松结缔组织 Characteristics: Small number but many types of cells; Small number of fibers and abundant ground substance; Sponge-like structure, loose arrangement, areolar tissue (蜂窝组织） Wide distribution among cells, tissues and organs. Function: connection, support, nourish, defense, protection , repair etc. 1. Fibroblast（成纤维细胞） Structure: LM: flat cell with processes, large, ovoid nucleus, obvious nucleolus, pale, weak basophilic cytoplasm. EM: abundant RER, ribosomes, Golgi complex Function： synthesize protein such as collagenous elastic protein, ground substance (proteoglycan glycoprotein) etc. 2. Macrophage(巨噬细胞) Structure: LM: oval or irregular shape, change shape with functional condition, short, blunt processes, small round / kidney nucleus with dark staining, acidophilic cytoplasm with phagocytotic granule(吞噬颗粒)。 EM: irregular surface, many primary lysosome （初级溶酶体), secondary lysosome（次级溶酶体), phagosome （吞噬体), phagocytic vacuole（吞饮小泡）和residual body（残余体), RER, many microfilaments(微丝)and microtubule(微管) near cell membrane. Function: Chemotaxis (趋化运动): ameboid movement pseudopodium(伪足), make directional movement according to concentration of some chemicals (chemotaxis). Phagocytosis（吞噬作用): specific phagocytosis -- recognition factor, no-specific phagocytosis -- no need recognitio