毕业设计 基于单片机的天燃气泄漏报警系统设计.doc

摘 要 随着天然气的大量使用,每一座居民大楼都被天然气所“笼罩”。天然气的普及给公共生活带来了方便,减少了城市的污染,提高了生活质量和效率,但是同时,天然气也是潜在的“危险品”,一旦发生大面积泄漏,处置不及时就可能引发大爆炸,给居民的生命财产安全带来巨大的威胁。 Abstract With the wide use of natural gas, each a residential towers were gas enveloped. The popularity of natural gas to public life brought convenient, reduce the citys pollution and improve the life quality and efficiency, but at the same time, natural gas is also potential dangerous, once produce large leak, disposal not timely could trigger, the big bang to peoples life and property safety brought great threat. Facing the gas leak all kinds of accidents caused by threats, we need a solution. Use of natural gas alarm is deal with gas invisible killer one of the important means. This papers to the semiconductor gas sensors and single chip microcomputer as the core design can realize the gas alarm sound-light alarm functions, is a kind of simple structure, stable performance, easy to use, inexpensive and intelligent gas alarm, has certain practical value. Among them choose MQ - 2 of gas detection sensor realize, has a high sensitivity, fast response, strong anti-jamming capability etc, and the price is low, service life long. ADC0808 converters connected with the gas signal, convert microcontroller can identify the digital signal processing, by AT89C51 for processing the data and analysis, whether is equal to or greater than the a default value (that is, the alarm limit), if will automatically start alarm circuit warning voice, conversely for normal state Keywords: sensor alarm MCS 目 录 第1章 绪论 1 1.1 家庭燃气泄漏报警的概述 1 1.2 家庭燃气泄漏报警的现状 1 1.3 家庭燃气泄漏报警的发展趋势 2 1.4 燃气泄漏报警研究意义与目的 2 1.5 设计任务 2 第2章 天燃气泄漏报警系统的方案设计 1 2.1天燃气报警系统的设计思路 1 2.2 气体传感器的选型 1 2.2.1气体传感器介绍 1 2.2.2气体传感器的选定 5 2.3 天燃气泄露报警系统的整体设计方案 6 2.3.1天燃气泄露报警器工作原理 6 2.3.2天燃气泄露报警器的结构 6 2.3.3气体检测报警器的功能 7 第3章 天燃气泄漏报警系统的硬件部分设计 8 3.1 主控电路的设计 8 3.1.1半导体气敏传感器简介 8 3.1.2单片机的选择 11 3.1.3 AT89C51单片机的基本结构 13 3.1.4 AT89C51单片机的引脚 14 3.1.5 AT89C51单片机的时钟电路 16 3.1.6 AT89C51单片机的复位电路 17 3.2 外围接口电路的设计 19