[经济学]princ-ch01-presentation2010.ppt

参考书 [美］保罗·萨缪尔森：《微观经济学》（第18版），人民邮电出版社，2008年。 推荐网站 人大经济学论坛 /bbs/ 中国经济学教育科研网/ 为什么学习经济学？ 有助于了解我们所生活的世界 The first reason to study economics is that it will help us understand the world in which we live. 更好地参与经济活动 The second reason to study economics is that it will make us a more astute participant in the economy. 更好地理解经济政策的潜力和局限性 The third reason to study economics is that it will give us a better understanding of both the potential and the limits of economic policy. 考核方式 平时成绩 作业 课堂发言 考勤 期末考试 闭卷 比例 按照学校规定 Economy. . . . . . The word economy comes from a Greek word for “one who manages a household.” TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS A household and an economy face many decisions: Who will work? What goods and how many of them should be produced? What resources should be used in production? At what price should the goods be sold? TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS Society and Scarce Resources: The management of society’s resources is important because resources are scarce. Scarcity. . . means that society has limited resources and therefore cannot produce all the goods and services people wish to have. TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS Economics is the study of how society manages its scarce resources. TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS How people make decisions. People face tradeoffs. The cost of something is what you give up to get it. Rational people think at the margin. People respond to incentives. TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS How people interact with each other. Trade can make everyone better off. Markets are usually a good way to organize economic activity. Governments can sometimes improve economic outcomes. TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS The forces and trends that affect how the economy as a whole works. The standard of living depends on a country’s production. Prices rise when the government prints too much money. Society faces a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment. Making decisions requires trading off one goal against another. People make decis