高中英语句子成分课件(共32张PPT).pptx

句子成分;定义;英语的基本成分有八种： 主语（subject） 谓语（predicate） 宾语（object） 宾语补足语 (object complement） 表语（predicative） 定语（attribute） 状语 (adverbial) 同位语（appositive）;1.主语：是句子要说明的人或物，说明谓语所表示的动作或状态的执行者。是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。名词（短语）、代词、数词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、从句皆可做主语。;1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. ;7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. ;2.谓语 ;3.表语：是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词(如be,become)之后，与系动词一起构成复合谓语，说明主语的身份，特征，属性或状态等。单词、短语或从句均可充当表语。;4.宾语 ;4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. 5.He pretended not to see me. 6.I enjoy listening to popular music. 7.I think（that）he is fit for his office. ;宾语种类： （1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please. 跟to: write, tell, pass, give, send, promise, show, hand, read, tell, bring, throw等，例如 He sent the novel to William yesterday. 跟for: leave, buy, build, choose, cook, draw, find, get, order, post, save等，例如： She bought a gift for her mother. （2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如： They elected him their monitor.;(3)形式宾语：若宾语是动词不定式，动名词或从 句，可用it作形式宾语代替其位置，而将其到宾补之后。;5.宾语补足语:在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作,状态,特征.;双宾语和宾补的区别;七.定语 ;⑥The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词短语作定语) ⑦The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词短语作定语） ⑧The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词作定语） ⑨I have an idea to do it well. （不定式作定语） ⑩You should do everything that I do. （定语从句作定语）;（八）状语 ;4.He is in the room making a model plane. 5.Wait a minute. 6.Once you begin, you must continue. ;9种状语种类： ;6. She came in with a dictionary in her hand. 7.In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. 8.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 9.She wo