中学英语教学法7.pptVIP

中学英语教学法 辅导课程七 3. Communicative Activities Littlewood(1981) summarised some of the contributions that communicative activities can make to language learning four headings: — They improve motivation. — They provide “whole-task practice”. — They allow natural learning. — They can create a context which supports learning. 1) What is communication? Communication is an exchange between people, of knowledge, of information, of ideas, of feelings. 2) Features of genuine communication? Task 1 Please consider the following example in which A speaks to B in the classroom: A: Excuse me. B: Yes? A: Do you have a ruler? B: Yes. Why? A: May I borrow it? B: Certainly. Here you are. A: Thank you. B: Welcome. Questions A. Why does A start the conversation? B. When A starts to talk to B, does B have idea what A is going to say? C. Do the speakers have to use exactly the same expressions as in the dialogue? Can they change their sentences to other forms and still express the same meanings? Feedback A. A who starts the conversation wants to borrow a ruler from B. So necessity is one of the features of communication. B. When A speaks B, what A is going to say or ask is something new to B. B has no way to predict in advance what is going to happen. Communication is full of surprises. So unpredictability is the second feature of communication. C. To achieve the same communicative purpose, the speaker has a range of linguistic forms to choose from. He will choose the language he thinks most appropriate in the social situation for the purpose. So choice of language is the third feature of communication. 3) The Nature of Communicative Activities In the classroom, we should try to design authentic communicative activities, which reflect the features of real communication. A. Students must have a desire to communicate. If they do not want to be involved in communication then that communication will probably not be effecti