底漏式真空吸铸成型tial基合金小型件工艺基础研究-材料工程专业论文.pdf.docxVIP

通过合理的选择排气孔位置成型出形状完整的小型件。利用能谱分析检测真空吸铸获得的小型件的成分，铸件成分基本均匀，无明显的宏观偏析出现。通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜等手段检测、分析真空吸铸获得的小型件组织，发现金属模吸铸排气阀的宏观组织以等轴晶为主，铸件表面由于激冷作用形成细晶层，尺寸在30~40μm之间，中间部位晶粒尺寸在200~300μm之间；陶瓷型壳吸铸叶片件叶身截面处晶粒分布规律与排气阀类似，晶粒比较粗大。金属模吸铸排气阀件表面会产生几微米的渗铁层，这对铸件组织与性能的影响不大；TiAl基合金与陶瓷型壳的发生界面反应，反应层在20~25μm。铸件硬度分布基本按着从表面到铸件内部递减的规律，金属模铸件硬度高于陶瓷型壳铸件。熔模型壳吸铸TiAl基合金的最大抗拉强度为354MPa，延伸率为0.28%。关键词：TiAl；真空吸铸；小型件；数值模拟AbstractTiAlbasedalloyshaveaseriesofmerits,e.g.,lowdensityandoxidationresistance,whichpossessgoodapplicationprospectashigh-temperaturematerial.However,duetolowplasticityandpoormachinability,castingisprincipalmethodtoproduceTiAlbasedalloys.Bottompouringvacuumsuctioncastingwhichisanewnet-shapemethodhasbeenputforwardbyourresearchgroup.ThismethodusegaspressuretodrivefillingofTiAlbasedmelt,whichmakesTiAlbasedmeltpossessgoodfillingability.Itcanbeusedtoproducesmallcomplexcasting.Inthisarticle,effectsofgaspressureonflowprocessofTiAlbasedalloymeltandtheformationofporehavebeenstudiedindetail.Onthatbasis,TiAlbasedalloyformationtechnicaltechnologyinmetalmouldandceramicshellmouldhasbeenstudied.FillingprocessofTiAlbasedmeltalloyunderpressurehasbeensimulatedusingFluentsoftware.InfluencingfactorsofTiAlbasedalloyflowarepresentedandpossibledefectsarepredictedduringsuctioncasting.Undergravity,thealloymeltflowmoresteadilyintothemold,buttheliquidflowisnotcontinuous;whileunderthegaspressure,spurtingliquidisinjectedintothemold,leadingtounstablemeltalloysurface.Afterthefirststockofmeltflowsintothemold,gaswithmeltalsogetsintothemold,whichhasastrongimpactonthefilledliquidmetal.Withtheincreaseofthegaspressure,thesizeofpitsofmeltmetalsurfaceincreases;Whenthediameterofthesuctionholeincreases,thegasmayearlierentertothemould,andthemassoffirstflowmeltissmaller.Whengasaccessesearliertothecastingmould,remainmeltmetalinthecrucibleincreases.Becauseoftheimpactofgas,thetopfluidisturbulentflowconditions,whilethebottomfluidislaminarflowconditionswhichcanflowfree.Theexperimentofvacuumsuctioncastingexhaustvalvewascarriedouttoverifythelawobt