铝合金表面电镀ni微米al2o3纳米al2o3复合镀层的研究-材料学专业论文.docx

山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘要 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 优秀毕业论文 2 2 精品参考文献资料 摘要 在众多的表面工程技术当中，复合电镀具有工艺简单、成本低、发展潜力大等优点， 因此成为表面处理的常用的工艺之一。为了进一步提高镀层的性能，同时为了探索纳米 材料在复合镀层中的工业应用，本课题利用复合电镀技术，在铝合金基体上电镀 Ni/微米 Al2O3/ 纳米 Al2O3 复合镀层。 本实验中将电流密度、温度、PH 值和搅拌速度这四种因素作为实验因素，分别取三 个水平，进行正交实验；以复合镀层的沉积速率、显微硬度和耐磨性能作为指标进行正 交分析，得出了最优的工艺参数：当电流密度为 4 A/dm2，搅拌速度为 800rpm，温度为 50℃，PH 值为 5 时，镀层的综合性能最佳。最佳工艺条件下得到的复合镀层的显微硬度 是镀镍层硬度的 2 倍，相对耐磨性为 4.75。 通过扫描电镜、光学显微镜、能谱仪等手段，分别研究了镀层的微观形貌、划痕、 微粒含量等；研究了复合镀层的显微硬度和耐磨性能，并进行了工艺参数的单因素影响 实验；分别探讨了镀层中微粒含量、镀液的电流密度、施镀温度、搅拌速度和 PH 值对 于复合镀层的显微硬度和耐磨性能的影响。 复合镀层的强化机理应从基质金属的强化机理和微粒的强化机理两方面考虑。基质 金属的强化机理可以用位错理论来分析。纳米微粒和微米微粒主要是弥散强化作用。同 时纳米微粒和微米微粒相比，其对于镀层的强化还表现在：一是增加了镀层中微粒的总 沉积量；二是在镀层中微粒含量相同的情况下，纳米微粒的弥散强化效果优于微米微粒； 三是纳米微粒的尺寸效应导致了基质镍金属中位错亚结构尺寸发生明显变化。 关键词：复合电镀， 显微硬度， 摩擦磨损， 强化机理 ABSTRACT In all kinds of surface treatment technology, composite electroplating is one of feasible techniques, because of its series of excellent characteristics, such as simple techniques, low cost, tremendous development potential, etc. In order to improve the coating properties and seek after application of nanometer particles on composite coating, we gained Ni/micron Al2O3/nanometer Al2O3 coating on aluminum alloy by composite electroplating. There are many factors that affect the properties of the coating, among which the electric current density, temperature, PH and stirrer intensity are the main factors. Orthogonal test was carried out based on the four factors with three levels. The plating velocity, micro-hardness and wear resistance were taken as the object in orthogonal analysis. Then we got the optimized parameters. When electric current density was 4 A/dm2,stirrer intensity was 800rpm, temperature was 50℃, PH was 5 the coating had the best properties. For optimized parameter coating, micro-hardness of the composite coating was two times that of the nickel coating, relative wear resistance is 4.75. The coating morphology, worn surfaces, content of particles were respectively studied by means of SEM, OM, EDS. Micro-hardness a