基于三维激光扫描技术的矿井建模及应用分析-mine modeling and application analysis based on 3d laser scanning technology.docxVIP

摘要随着矿山生产效率和安全指标要求的不断提高，单一的，初步的井下信息系统已经 不能满足信息化建设的需要，目前数字矿山的模型是利用传统测绘技术所提供足够的导 线坐标数据根据相应的断面数据建立的，传统测绘技术难以得到完整的、全面的、连续 的、关联的全景三维坐标数据，此时建立的矿山模型不能够完整反映出真实矿山的原貌， 达不到自动化采矿、智能采矿的需求。由于三维激光扫描仪，具有实时性，高精密度性 等优点，因此引进三维激光技术对矿区进行测量也变得比较紧要。近些年三维激光测量技术发展迅速，综合考虑三维激光扫描仪的优越性和黄金矿的开采条件，重点研究了黄金矿山井下巷道与采场三维激光扫描测量方法、数据处理及建 模等相关问题，旨在运用各种配准方法，将所测数据并整合到一起，并对比各种采样方 法对抽稀结果的影响，对比分析多种投影面的选择对建模结果的影响，从而得出最适合 的抽稀采样，投影建模方法，根据点云的平面拟合,规则曲面拟合以及不规则曲面的拟合， 建立矿井规则体几何模型以及矿井 mesh 模型，为数字矿山平台提供完整的、全面的、 连续的、关联的全景点三维矿井模型数据。并将传统的测量方法测得的验收矿量数据与 三维激光扫描仪测得的矿量数据进行对比，分析各种因素对矿量验收的方法，得出最佳 的可用方法。并研究如何将扫描仪获得的点云以及模型数据融合于矿山应用软件 Surpac， 并实现数据在 Surpac 中的应用，为矿山的生产管理提供多元数据融合与应用。本项研究为数字矿山建设提供完整的、全面的、连续的、关联的全景点三维矿井数 据获取与处理的相关方法，为今后感知矿山的建设提供了基础，对实现科学采矿、安全 生产具有重要的理论与实用价值。关键词：三维激光技术，点云配准，数据拼接，数据建模，数据转换，矿量验收ABSTRACTWith the improvement of requirements index of mining production efficiency and safety and the development of science and technology, a single, preliminary underground information system cant meet the needs of the information construction. At present the virtual mine model is established by enough traverse coordinate data and the corresponding section data provided by the traditional surveying and mapping technology. But it is difficult to the traditional mapping technology to get complete, comprehensive and continuous, linked panoramic coordinate data .So the established model can not show the true original mines, and can not meet the needs of automation mining, intelligent mining. Due to the 3D laser scanner, which are defined, have many advantages, such as high precision and density, so to introduce 3D laser technology in mining area also become more urgent measure.In recent years, the development of the 3D laser measurement technology is rapid, considering the superiority of the 3D laser scanner, this test will use the FX scanner to scan the mining area. The aim is to use kinds of registration method, sampling the test data, and put in together, and compare the ore amount data surveyed by the traditional laser rangef