Hilbert-Huang 变换在列车踏面故障识别中的应用.pdfVIP

第 23 卷 第 8 期 电子测量与仪器学报 Vol. 23 No. 8 · 90 · JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENT 2009 年 8 月 Hilbert-Huang 变换在列车踏面故障识别中的应用* 陈安华 余小华 黄采伦 (湖南科技大学机械设备健康维护湖南省重点实验室, 湘潭 411201) 摘 要: 列车轮对踏面故障危害极大, 且由于列车运行环境恶劣, 存在电机整流装置等车载设备产生的强烈电磁干扰, 以 及测量系统和各单元电路之间的公共接地阻抗产生的严重干扰等诸多不利因素, 因而传统信号处理方法难以准确识别踏面故 障。本文提出了利用 Hilbert-Huang 变换对实测振动信号进行分析处理, 进而提取踏面故障特征信息的方法。实例表明, 该方法 具有较高的分辨率和较强的抗干扰能力, 能准确识别踏面故障, 且算法简单、计算量小, 可满足踏面的实时在线检测要求。 关键词: 踏面故障；Hilbert-Huang 变换；诊断 中图分类号: U260.11, TH17 文献标识码: D 国家标准学科分类代码: 460.1520 Application of Hilbert-Huang transform in fault identification of wheel treads Chen Anhua Yu Xiaohua Huang Cailun (Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Maintenance for Mechanical Equipment, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China) Abstract: The harm of wheel tread fault is serious, and because there are many disturbance sources such as the bad operating environment, the intense electrical magnetic interference, the impedance between the measuring system and the separate circuits, and so on, the conventional signal processing methods are difficult to identify the tread fault. In this paper Hilbert-Huang transform is used to process the vibration signal practically and extract the characteristic in- formation of the tread fault efficiently. At the same time, it can satisfy the real-time and on-line detection of the tread because of its simple algorithm. Keywords: tread fault; Hilbert-Huang transform; diagnosis 1 引 言 明显区别于噪声的谱特性的平稳信号是比较有效 的。然而实际中经常出现非平稳信号, 需要分析具体 铁路机车轮对的踏面擦伤、剥离和皱褶等缺陷, 的某个时刻内含有的频率分量,